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Guam's Geography   Guam is located 13 degrees North latitude and 144 degrees East longitude, which translates in flight time to 3 hours west of Japan and 5 hours north of Australia. Guam's land area covers approximately 212 square miles. From the northern tip of the island to the southern tip is approximately 30 miles. Guam's width varies by location from 4 to 12 miles. The landscape of the island varies from a flat but high limestone plateau ranging from 200 to 600 feet in elevation in the north, to a rugged and lush volcanic terrain in the south with several rivers, streams and waterfalls. Most of the island is surrounded by a coral barrier reef, while sandy beaches, mangroves, and rugged cliff line characterize the coastline.